MinSpareThreads
The least number of Threads that should remain open, waiting for new requests. MinSpareThreads is a multiple of ThreadsPerChild and cannot exceed MaxSpareThreads, though it can match it.
As s rule of thumb, set MinSpareThreads to equal 50% of MaxRequestWorkers.
Spare threads are idle workers threads. These threads are merely waiting for new incoming requests and are governed by the Apache child process that spawned them. If there are less available threads than MinSpareThreads, The Apache parent will generate a new child with another ThreadsPerChild worth of threads.
MaxSpareThreads
This directive governs the total number of idle threads allowed on the server across all children. Any threads above this limit direct their parent to shut down to reduce memory consumption during off-peak hours.
Having a limit to the number of idle open threads is excellent for smaller servers with hardware constraints. However, it mostly unneeded on today’s modernizing hardware.
It is recommended that you set up Apache as an open throttle is a high-performance configuration for servers with significant RAM and multiple CPU cores. When running the open throttle configuration, all available threads become available at all time. Apache’s memory usage will stay near its peak at all times, a side effect due to running all the configured children into memory preemptively. This configuration will produce the best possible response times from Apache by maintaining persistent open connections ready to do work and removing the overhead of spawning new processes in response to traffic surges:
- Configuration: Match both MinSpareThreads and MaxSpareThreads to MaxRequestWorkers.
- Requirements: Make sure there is enough server RAM to run all MaxRequestWorkers at once.
StartServers
This directive governs the initial amount of children the Apache Parent process spawns when the Apache service is started or restarted. This is commonly left unchanged since Apache continuously checks the current running children in conjunction with ThreadsPerChild and compare it to MinSpareThreads to determine if more children get forked. This process is repeated perpetually, with a doubling of new children on each iteration, until MinSpareThreads is satisfied.
As a rule of thumb, manually calculating StartServers is done by dividing MaxRequestWorkers by ThreadsPerChild, rounding down to the nearest whole number. This process forces all children to be created without delay at startup and begins handling requests immediately. This aspect is especially useful in modern Apache servers which require periodic restarts to load in directive changes.
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